On This Day: Battle of Berlin

Hello All,

Tanks rolling through Berlin

It has been a few weeks since we have explored some World War II history, so today, let's dive right back in, shall we?

As you may know, 2015 marks the 70th Anniversary of the end of World War II. Specifically, 70 years ago on this day, April 21, Soviet Forces finally breached the German High command defense during the invasion of Berlin.

This month in 1945, was the point of no return for the Germans. The Americans and British were closing in on the west, while the Soviets on the east were barreling over top of the Germans in their capital city of Berlin. By this point in the fighting, the Allied forces had all but destroyed the German regular army and all whom were left to defend their country were Hitler Youth teenagers, SS foreign volunteers, and Waffen-SS divisions. Outfitted with barely anything at all, strategically located in the city streets, these remaining Germans fought hard to ward off the Soviet Army. Needless to say, they could not defend their city properly and the Russians were able to easily roll their way into the heart of Germany.

Furher Bunker destroyed

The Battle of Berlin was the last major offensive in the European theater. For the most part, both sides knew this operation would be the last, no matter the outcome. Fighting was brutal and by April 21, the battle had been raging for over a month. A few days after breaching the heart of the city, close hand to hand combat raged through the streets. The battle continued until the end of the month. Many lost their lives during the battle, but the outcome was worth the sacrifice for the Allies. The Soviet's lost a total of over 81,000 for the entire operation, while the Germans have estimated a total between 92,000 and 100,000 killed. The exact number of civilians killed is unknown, but estimates have reached up to 125,000 during the operation. A major portion of the surviving civilians were now homeless and starving.

Until next time,
Elizabeth

Page Door Canteen: Review of In the Garden of Beasts

A few months ago, we began a volunteer book club at the National D-Day Memorial.  Meeting once a month, or now once every two months, the volunteers and I come together to discuss a book that concerns World War II in some way.  We have read a variety of books up to this point; however, the past two months has been one of my favorites.  Erik Larson writes history in a way that I wish I could write.  Extremely engaging, In the Garden of Beasts, explores Berlin in 1933 and 1934 through the eyes of the new American Ambassador William Dodd and his 24 year old daughter Martha. 

Dodd family arriving in Hamburg in 1933

Moving to his post in the summer of 1933, Dodd came into the post at the crossroads of history.  Dodd, a history professor at the University of Chicago, was far from President Roosevelt’s first choice for the job.  The ambassador to Berlin would have to walk a tight rope as they navigated through the diplomatic responsibilities required of them, cared for American travelers and interests, and dealt with Adolf Hitler’s accent to power.  Dodd came into the position with a strict budget, an outsider to the “club” that was foreign diplomats of the time, and having to quickly learn the ins and outs of foreign diplomacy.  Not independently wealthy, Dodd even brought his old Chevy to Berlin – however, would frequently be seen walking around the Tiergarten as he went to work or to one of his appointments.  Wanting to express the American interest of isolationism that was prevalent in the years building to World War II, Dodd was careful of who he met with and how he was represented in the press.  Dodd gets right to work faced with issues of American tourist being attacked and how to portray what is happening in Berlin back to the United States, eventually making suggestions for Roosevelt to speak out against what Dodd is experiencing around him as Germany prepares for war. 

Dodd official photograph, 1933

While Dodd worked hard to inform the State Department back home what he was witnessing in Berlin, Martha was cultivating her own group of friends.  A journalist, Martha fit in with the correspondents to Berlin and often traveled with them.  She had a rosy view of Berlin at first but through her experiences this changed.  She associated with Boris, a diplomat and spy from the Soviet Union, whom she quickly developed a relationship with and even traveled to the Soviet Union during her time in Berlin. 

Larson weaves a personal thread of intrigue against the backdrop of Hitler’s rise to power in 1933-1934 culminating with the Night of Long Knives.  Thoroughly researched, Larson grabs your attention in the beginning and takes you on an adventure of discovery as we marched toward a second world war.  I, and my volunteers, highly recommend this book to any history lover out there. 

Have a reading suggestion about any WWII related topic?  Send it to me, we always love to hear what you guys are reading!

~Felicia  

Larson, Erik. In the Garden of Beasts. Broadway Paperbacks: New York (2011) 

ISBN: 978-0-307-40885-3